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Relationship between Problematic Drinking Behavior and the Personalities of High School Students
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Won Jung Cho, In Sook Kwon, Gwang Suk Kim, Ku Min Seo
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J Korean Acad Community Health Nurs. 2004;15(3):471-482. Published online September 30, 2004
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- PURPOSE
This study intended to identify personality factors and related problematic behaviors of adolescents who drink alcohol in order to provide basic data for developing nursing programs.
METHODS
The data were collected from October to December 2002 from 1,080 high school students in Seoul. The Revised Cloninger's Tri-dimensional Personality Questionnaire (TPQ) was used to measure their personalities. The alcohol expectancy was measured using the tool revised by Cho (1999) and stress levels were measure using a stress tool revised Cho (1998). The data were analyzed with SPSS Windows using Chi square test, independent t-test, and logistic regression analysis.
RESULTS
1. The percentage of fathers who drank was 79.8%, mothers, 54.3%, and friends, 54.3%. The alcohol expectancy averaged 6.36 while the stress levels were 132.79. 2. It was found that there are significant differences (p<.001) in problematic drinking behaviors according to the following variables: second year high school students among all grade variables, more monthly pocket money for the amount of money variables, the group of students who smoked in the case of the variable related to smoking, spending more time using the Internet for the Internet use variable, and having friends who drink 65.6% for the friend variable. The alcohol expectancy scale of those students who showed problematic drinking behaviors was higher than that of those who did not. There are four family-related stress subscales, and there was a significant difference among them (p<.05). Among the personal characteristics, the group who displayed problematic drinking behaviors seeks new experiences and reward dependence more than the group who did not exhibit those behaviors, and there were significant differences between the two groups (p<.001). 3. When the socio-demographic and drinking-related factors were controlled, the tendency of seeking new experiences increased the risk of problematic behaviors 1.07 times (p<.05). Compared to the non-smoking group, the smoking group was found to have a 5.06 time (p<.001) greater risk of displaying problematic drinking behaviors. In comparison with the non-drinking group, the drinking group was also found to have a 5.31 time (p<.001) greater risk of exhibiting problematic drinking behaviors. The group with high alcohol expectancy scores was significantly different from the group with the no alcohol expectancy, showing a 1.26 time (p<.001) greater risk of problematic drinking behaviors.
CONCLUSION
Based on these results, the problematic drinking behaviors were connected with alcohol expectancies, friends and personality types. Therefore, we should develop an alcoholic prevention program for adolescence considering the above results.
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Development & Evaluation of Community-Based Home Care Nursing Service Program
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Won Jung Cho, Cho Ja Kim, Won Hee Lee, Kyu Sook Kang, Eui Geum Oh, Hee Ok Park
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J Korean Acad Community Health Nurs. 2004;15(2):209-217. Published online June 30, 2004
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Abstract
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The purpose of this study was to construct the structure, process and outcome of community-based home care nursing service and to examine their validity.
METHOD
There were two steps. The first step was developing the structure and process of community-based home care and the second was evaluating the outcome of community-based home care. Home care services were provided to 25 clients who had health problems. Data on these clients were analyzed.
RESULT
According to Albrecht Model, in the developed structure and process of community-based home care, structure contained facility's philosophy, organization, delivery system, steering committee, office, equipments, medical instruments, the home care nurse and client of home care nursing. Process contained classification of client, nursing diagnosis and nursing intervention. The majority of clients were men (56%). The service was used mostly by people aged over 50 (82%). The most frequent nursing diagnoses were altered urinary elimination (23.2%), impaired skin integrity (21.8%) and risk for infection (17.6%). Nursing interventions included wound care (16.7%), tube care (15.1%) and catheter care (14.5%).
CONCLUSION
Several strategies are suggested from this study: first, activate a referral system within the national health care system; second, increase public information on home care nursing; third, develop home care nursing services for elderly people; and fourth, construct a cooperation system between home care services and social welfare services.
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Development an Evaluation Tool for Evaluation of Hypertension Prevention and Management Program in Community Health Posts
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Myung Soon Kwon, Won Jung Cho
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J Korean Acad Community Health Nurs. 2004;15(2):197-208. Published online June 30, 2004
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This study was to develop an effective evaluation tool for evaluation of hypertension prevention and management program(HPMP) in community health posts (CHPs).
METHOD
Evaluation tool composed from the literature review, the field visiting, and the in-depth interviews with the community health practitioners.
RESULT
The evaluation tool had four domains, each with different maximum points:, hypertension prevention (35), hypertension management (40), environment of the CHPs(10), and evaluation system of the HPMP(15). The first domain was hypertension prevention with sub-domains of health education, and early detection of patients with hypertension. The second domain was hypertension management with sub-domains of management of health records of patients, education and counseling , and treatment and follow-up of patients. The third domain was the environment of the CHPs with subdomains of accessibility of CHPs to residents, accessibility of general health data to the public, and availability of health information to the public by multimedia. The fourth domain was the evaluation system of the HPMP with the subdomains of planning of program, formative evaluation, process evaluation, and summative evaluation.
CONCLUSION
The newly developed evaluation tool will contribute not only to plan and set goals for evaluation of HPMP in CHPs.
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A study of Adolescent Smoking Related Factors in the Seoul Area
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Chung Yul Lee, Mi Hye Suh, Won Jung Cho, Sun Hyoung Bae, Kyung Hee Lee, Ok Kyung Ham, Ku Min Seo
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J Korean Acad Community Health Nurs. 2004;15(1):95-101. Published online March 31, 2004
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The purpose of this study was to identify factors influencing adolescent smoking behavior in the Seoul area.
METHOD
A total of 6,352 middle and high school students living in the Gangnam district of Seoul participated in the study. A self-report survey method was used to identify factors related to smoking.
RESULT
A stepwise logistic regression analysis identified four factors associated with adolescent smoking: living with a parent who smokes (OR=1.4), having friend(s) who smoke (OR=14.8), negative attitudes toward passive smoking(OR=4.8), and ignorance of the impact of smoking on health(OR=4.6).
CONCLUSION
Based on the study results, components of effective programs to reduce adolescent smoking rates should include programs to deal with peer pressure to smoke and to reduce the impact of parents who smoke, to increase knowledge of the impact of smoking, and to promote positive attitudes toward anti-smoking.
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Evaluation research on the application of Problem-Based Learning program in community health nursing
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Chung Yul Lee, Won Jung Cho, Margaret J Storey, Eui Sook Kim, Kyung Hee Lee, Sun Hyoung Bae, Gwang Suk Kim, Ku Min Seo, Ok Kyung Ham
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J Korean Acad Community Health Nurs. 2003;14(4):579-586. Published online December 31, 2003
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- The goal of community health nursing courses is to prepare student nurses so that they become able to perform a variety of nursing roles in community. To achieve this goal, programs for community health nursing must develop students' abilities to function independently as community health nurses. This study evaluated the effectiveness of Problem-based Learning(PBL) as a teaching method in programs for community health nursing at four-year colleges of nursing. The subjects of this study were senior students at Y University. The study was designed as a descriptive & comparative survey. To determine the effectiveness of PBL, the author analyzed the process and results of teaching. The PBL teaching method was found to be significantly effective in building critical thinking abilities and increasing knowledge. The results also showed that the 43 students who were taught by both PBL and lecture teaching methods got a significantly higher knowledge score than the other 28 students who were taught only by lectures. As for the future direction of community health nursing courses, a teaching strategy involving both PBL and lectures is recommended.
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Development of A Community-Based Nursing Center Model: Focused on Health Promotion of Infant & Toddler
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Won Jung Cho, Ka Sil Oh, Eui Sook Kim, In Sook Kim, J Margaret Storey, Ok Kyung Ham, Gwang Suk Kim
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J Korean Acad Community Health Nurs. 2002;13(4):795-807. Published online December 31, 2002
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Abstract
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The purpose of this study was to develop a community based nursing center model that can provide health promotion for infants and toddlers as well as a research and practice site for nursing faculty and students.
METHODS
Review of current health care system and health promotion programs and workshops with brain-storming were carried out to identify needy areas of services to be provided by the nursing center Finally the community nursing center model was developed through expert consultation and filed visits.
RESULTS
The services and programs were developed for infants and toddlers residing in Seoul area. These services and programs include growth and developmental screening environment and health problem assessment infant stimulation and parent education and self-help group Full-time and part time staff nurses and nurse practitioners will provide those services and offer home visiting if needed. Database system health information system and trainers training programs were developed as well.
RESULTS
The nursing center model developed in this study will ensure clients direct access to nursing care and increase of autonomy and accountability of nursing practices. The nursing center model focused on disease prevention and health promotion will enhance the quality of life of the infants toddlers and their families as well as to decrease national health care expenditure.
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Critical Pathway of Home Healthcare for COPD clients
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Won Jung Cho, Mi Kyung Han
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J Korean Acad Community Health Nurs. 2001;12(2):329-337. Published online September 30, 2001
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This study was to develop a critical pathway for COPD clients in home health care.
METHOD
Review of literature, Analysis of 10 cases of home health records of COPD clients without other major chronic illness, and Contents validity test.
RESULTS
1. Vertical axis(14 activities) : physical and mental assessment, family assessment, environment assessment, rights and duties of client, oxygen use and safety, education of disease process and symptom, medication, nutrition and elimination, tests, activities, respiratory exercise, sleeping pattern, consultations and discharge planning. 2. Horizontal axis was set by the number of visits(average number of visits is 6.4) and vertical axis was set with 14 activities and the contents which should have occurred, according to the time frames of the horizontal axis. 3. According to the contents validity test, among the total of 234 items, 176 items showed over 83% agreement and 58 items showed less than 83% agreement. Those items with less than 83% agreements were either deleted or revised.
CONCLUSION
this critical pathway is applicable to the home health care of COPD clients to provide quality home nursing care services at lower cost.
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